LDN Video Interviews and Presentations

Radio Show interviews, and Presentations from the LDN 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 Conferences

They are also on our    Vimeo Channel    and    YouTube Channel

Dr Marie Ekpema PharmD - 16th Oct 2019 on the LDN Radio Show (LDN, low dose naltrexone) from LDN Research Trust on Vimeo.

Marie Ekpema, PharmD is the clinical director and pharmacy manager at Summerwood Pharmacy and Compounding in Houston Texas in the United States. She undertook additional training in compounding and bioidentical hormone replacement therapy.

Dr. Ekpema’s grandfather was an herbalist, who inspired her to go into pharmacy. Her first 15 years were as a traditional pharmacist, but realized the need to address some of the side effects of medications, such as gut issues and drug-induced nutrient deficiencies. For example, a magnesium deficiency can cause headaches. In the US, most prediabetics are started on Metformin. But working more with doctors and patients regarding supplements and lifestyle choices has resulted in patients on fewer prescriptions, and more targeted medications.

Linda Elsegood related that she had undergone 3 courses of IV steroids in 18 months, which resulted in weight gain, and Type II diabetes. She was put on Metformin, but still was diabetic. She decided to change her diet: removed gluten, removed added sugar, and removed dairy, and at her 6 month check-up was able to stop Metformin, and has held at the pre-diabetic level.

Dr. Ekpema believes in empowering people in decisions about their healthcare. One thing they recommend is gluten, dairy, and sugar restrictions, and ask patients to try it for 60-90 days and give feedback. Medications help manage disease, but infrequently are medications a cure. When you modify diet, especially with autoimmune diseases, results happen. She has seen patients go from using 100 U insulin daily back down to using 10-20 U; and patients being able to reduce medications type and dosage.

Linda Elsegood related she has high cholesterol, likely hereditary, and was told that diet wouldn’t help. Dr. Ekpema verified that is the case in certain types of hypercholesterolemia, but there are other approaches to reduce inflammation in the vessels, such as pomegranate juice daily, garlic, exercise, and reducing inflammatory foods.

For a consultation, patients can contact the pharmacy: https://summerwoodrx.com/ or phone 281-225-4300. Depending on the season, the waiting list could be anywhere from a couple of weeks to a month, particularly during the summer. There is an intake form, and consultations are done in the pharmacy, or over the phone. They communicate with the patient’s physician as well.

The pharmacy compounds LDN capsules, anywhere from 0.5 mg to 6 mg. The also prepare topical LDN.  Most of her patients are middle-aged and older. Prescribers who graduated in the last 15-20 years tend to be more open to LDN. She notes great results with LDN: reduction of symptoms, reduction of pain; and most dramatic, was a patient with psoriasis who had a 70-80% improvement on LDN. It is important to titrate up slowly, however. Also important is gut health for those with autoimmune diseases – if bacteria is not balanced, results won’t be good because it interferes with absorption.

The most frequent side effect patients mention is trouble sleeping, and they advise the physician to titrate up more slowly, or to a lower dose. They have found others have bad dreams, and recommend including some magnesium glycinate for more restful sleep.

An issue Dr. Ekpema relates is buying prescription-only medication through sources that do not require a prescription, because the regulation and testing is not done, and the sites accept no responsibility. At a compounding pharmacy, you can be certain of the quality because it has been tested.

Dr. Ekpema gave appreciation for the LDN Research Trust, the recorded interviews, and the information it provides.

Summary from Marie Ekpema, PharmD’s LDN Radio Show from 16 Oct 2019. Listen to the video for the show.

Keywords: LDN, low dose naltrexone, compounding, bioidentical, hormone, drug-induced nutrient deficiencies, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, autoimmune, psoriasis, gut health,

Dr. Judy Tsafrir, MD - Oct 2019 (LDN, low dose naltrexone) from LDN Research Trust on Vimeo.

Linda Elsegood: I'd like to welcome my guest today, Dr Judy Tsafrir. Thank you for joining us today Judy. 

Judy Tsafrir: Thanks for having me, Linda. 

Linda Elsegood: I mean, you were telling me you were from Boston, um, in your practice. What's the patient population that you treat with LDN? 

Judy Tsafrir: Um, I'm a psychiatrist, a holistic psychiatrist. I see both children and adults, the more adults and kids, and people seek me out because they do not want a conventional psychiatric approach to their depression or anxiety, or whatever it is that's troubling them, which is typically just the prescription of pharmaceuticals and perhaps, um, some sort of counselling. So my approach is essentially functional medicine where I am looking for the root causes of what's going on with them and having conversations with them about their diet and their lifestyle and sleep and exercise. Um, also I trained with someone named Dr William Walsh, who is a biochemist from Chicago, and he has correlated certain laboratory studies with psychiatric symptoms, for example, elevated copper or, um, high histamine, and there are protocols of nutrients that can be prescribed instead of pharmaceuticals. A lot of patients come to see me because they are chronically ill and they're not getting help from other doctors like they're, I'm not usually the first stop so they may have many patients who have autoimmune conditions, um, which often presents psychiatrically; like there's an anxiety piece. And I've developed, um, over the past couple of years interest and awareness about mold toxicity. And so patients will come to see me because they are suffering from symptoms related to mold toxins.

And, uh. When that is addressed, that can have a big positive impact on health. 

Linda Elsegood: But isn't it amazing that you could take some supplements like iron and copper instead of a pharmaceutical drug? You know, because all drugs have potential side effects, don't they?  

Judy Tsafrir: Yes, and that, you know, the model is conventionally is to identify symptoms and suppress them. And instead of seeing the symptoms as communication that there's something wrong and looking for what it is, that could be corrected. 

Linda Elsegood: But when you said that you help people with autoimmune diseases, I mean, there were so many people, um, that I know of who have had, say, fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue, MS and before they managed to get a diagnosis so many of them are told it's in your mind, you know, that there is nothing really wrong with you and that is very depressing. 

Judy Tsafrir: and very invalidating. That's an experience that many patients have when they come to see me, that somebody, there's such relief that somebody believes them.

Linda Elsegood: And it's getting people to listen to you, isn't it? Rather than just brushing you off without investigating. 

Judy Tsafrir: Right. You know, I just came back from a conference. I actually was in a conference over the weekend in California, which was all about electric hypersensitivity and the effects of electromagnetic frequencies on our health, and this was on my radar but in a much less focused way then it will be now going forward because I would tell my patients to turn off their routers at night and tell them to not carry their cell phone in their pockets. But, um, it goes much further than that. There really needs to be a lot of avoidance and awareness about the way that electromagnetic waves are impacting our health. And I think there may be a number of patients in my practice who I've been treating for mould who may have mould or who do have mould, but maybe they would be so much better if I would also be addressing the, um, electric hypersensitivity. So this is something that has newly, like really come into focus for me,  just over the weekend.

Linda Elsegood: And what about children? You said that you treat children as well, and it's very ... 

Judy Tsafrir: yes. I mean children have an attentional problem, and they have anxiety, and uh, there can be, just the same as with adults, there can be imbalances, and I think that a lot of these kids are actually tremendously affected by the electromagnetic frequencies, like all of the screen time, that kids are doing. It's really, um, there was a child psychiatrist who spoke at the meeting who, um, kids who were so behaviorally dysregulated and suffering so much, and the families were in such a terrible state because of the child being, um, so, uh, symptomatic that with the screen, you know, with the electronic “Fast” of one month, the symptoms completely resolved. 

Linda Elsegood: Wow. But if a parent had a problem with a child, with, let's say, anxiety, I mean, how old are they normally? the youngest that you see in your practice? 

Judy Tsafrir: Oh they can be very young. They can be, you know, six years old.

They can be five years old. Just a kid who's not sleeping, who, you know, can't separate. Um, you know, I'm, I'm trained originally as a psychoanalyst and my model, previous to learning all of this functional medicine, would be to really think that there was some kind of, um, psychological dynamic going on between the parent and child, which they may also be, but there is so much to be understood in terms of what can be going on biologically In addition to all of that.  

Linda Elsegood: And would bed wetting come under that umbrella as well? 

Judy Tsafrir: Of course. I mean, that is often like a, um, an immaturity of the neurological system. And that can be developmental and can improve with time. But, um, everything that is going on, you know, can be due to, um, many different factors. Including trauma and, um, adverse experiences. But it's just, it needs to be looked at from so many different angles, including the spiritual. 

Linda Elsegood: I mean, you said that you look for the root cause, but to find the root cause for a child, obviously, you listen to the child, but their communication is going to be limited.

And of course, then you'd have to listen to the parents. How do you …?

Judy Tsafrir: And the school 

Linda Elsegood: Okay. And the school, how do you get to the root cause if you know, if there's somebody listening with a child that is having problems, what would be the process you would go through to find out what you could do to help a child?

Judy Tsafrir: The most important thing is the history and to try and get a sense from the parent, you know, what is going on, what has gone on, you know, like even going as far back as ancestrally, like, was there a lot of trauma in the parent's history? Because that can also be passed along epigenetically. Um. But then to learn about the birth and the child's development and the child's diet and the whole environment.

And when did the symptoms start? You know, was there any kind of car accident or death? I mean, our whole being is so, uh, it's such a mixture of mind, body, and spirit that it's really complicated, and you can't just typically pinpoint one thing, like you may have a car accident, but then that completely dysregulates the immune system and sets off a mass cell activation disorder.

And then they're having all kinds of very weird symptoms and maybe not tolerating foods and having strange neurological things. And, and this all may be totally exacerbated by the electromagnetic frequencies. It's just. It's very complex. So you want to try and understand as much as possible what are all the factors and try and support the person from many different directions. But it's usually not like one thing. It's like a whole confluence of different things coming together to create a kind of perfect storm. 

Linda Elsegood: So your approach would be more of a natural approach rather than, um, prescription medications? 

Judy Tsafrir: Absolutely. I mean, a lot of times people seek me out because they're on medications and they want to get off of medications.

And the typical approach for a person to get off medication, many psychiatrists are not willing to take patients off of medications, they're afraid that the patient will become destabilized and then they'll reduce the dose of medications way too quickly and then a person will have a reaction, like a withdrawal symptom; a syndrome from withdrawing from the medications and then the psychiatrist will mistakenly believe that this is as proof that “you see, you do need it for your anxiety because you are having problems”. But in fact, it's like a withdrawal syndrome and not the original problem. So. Like I, if somebody calls me and they want to simply, you know, get stimulants for their attentional problems, I tell them that I'm really not the right doctor for them.

And you know, if somebody is interested in working with me to come off of their medications, that is much more what I find interesting. And, um, I'm feeling it’s like a useful, valuable thing to do. 

Linda Elsegood: And what's your success rate with getting patients of pharmaceutical drugs? 

Judy Tsafrir: I would say probably about 75%. It's not everybody. You know, like some people, it's really difficult, particularly, um, some of the antianxiety medicines can be really hard to get off of, but you know, like this is like, I recommend, um. Low dose naltrexone to all of my patients, essentially. And you know, I also make dietary recommendations to all of my patients, and I make recommendations about, you know, hygiene with their electronics equipment and about exercise and about sleep, um, and all of those things together make it much more possible to withdraw from medications rather than just trying to withdraw from the medication without supporting the person in any other way.  

Linda Elsegood: how long do you think it takes a patient with anxiety problems taking LDN for them to notice it's doing something for them? 

Judy Tsafrir: It's so variable. I mean, I feel like low dose naltrexone is really unpredictable in terms of if it's going to be helpful, how it's going to be helpful, for what it's going to be helpful. So for me, because it's so safe and inexpensive and potentially so effective that I really recommend it to everyone for whom it's not contraindicated, like if they're on, you know, some kind of cancer protocol and immune suppression or, but I recommend it to everyone. And, um, it really is variable in terms of the response, quite variable. 

Linda Elsegood: And what sort of dose do you start the patients on?

Judy Tsafrir:  0.5 and then I asked them to work their way up as tolerated, as fast as it is tolerated for them to 4.5 milligrams. And that's, you know, in some people, you know, they feel well at three, but when they go up to 3.5, then they don't feel as well. So then we stay at 3, it's really titrated according to how the individual feels.  

Linda Elsegood: I mean, that's the thing with LDN, isn't it? It’s unique to that person. You know, you can't say ..

Judy Tsafrir: Unique to the person

Linda Elsegood: Exactly. Cause some people to find that 2.5 works really well. They go up to three that don't feel as well. But 

Judy Tsafrir: right. 

Linda Elsegood: Sometimes they've read everything online, and they feel that if they're not on 4.5, they're doing something wrong, that they should push themselves. But that isn't the case, is it? 

Judy Tsafrir: No, that's a misunderstanding. And you know, it really is like so helpful for so many different things. And so it makes sense to me that the dose would also not be one size fits all.  

Linda Elsegood: exactly. I mean, some people try to justify a dose by saying how tall they are and how much they weigh but that ... 

Judy Tsafrir: Right, that doesn’t make any sense

Linda Elsegood:  it doesn't because, I mean, there are some men who are rugby players who can't get any further than three. And then a small lady who's very petite, like five foot tall can take 4.5 no problem. So I always think that's a, a good rule to tell people that you, you just can't pigeonhole people. It's how your body responds. With depression, and you were saying that you treat people with autoimmune diseases. Um, would you say depression for somebody with an autoimmune disease might be to do with all the symptoms and the things that they have to live with that cause the depression? 

Judy Tsafrir: Well, again, I think it's such a multifactorial situation. I mean, very often depression is either caused by or mediated through cellular inflammation. So like when a person has inflammation in their body, they have inflammation in their brain, and they feel depressed. But then when a person has, Um, chronic illness and they're living with chronic illness, and they can't find anybody who's going to help them, and, uh, they're being told it's all in their head, and it's a very hopeless and depressing situation. Another thing that I recommend to my patients that I haven't mentioned so far is dynamic neural retraining system, DNRs, which is, it's like a program of visualizations and meditations and affirmations and something that you do with your consciousness that, um, helps rewire and retrain the limbic system, which is the deep structure in the brain that is associated with trauma. And when it's activated, it can cause all kinds of physical problems and all kinds of psychiatric problems, anxiety, depression. So if a person works with this program, uh, consistently, very often they're able to really calm down their autonomic nervous system and they will be in a state of, um, not in a constant state of like sympathetic overdrive, fight or flight.

And they'll just feel much calmer and much better, but it's not also alone. It's also, you know, in combination with diet, in combination with low dose naltrexone, with this combination with other supplements that are helpful for inflammation and for rebalancing, whatever it is that is troubling the person and in psychotherapy can be very helpful as well, having a relationship with someone where you can talk through things and someone who understands and who can help you make connections and can help you see that you're responding to the present because of something that happened in the past and that's not really relevant to today. I mean.

Everything together and, and, and I recommend the spiritual practice to my patients. Uh, prayer can be very helpful. Performing rituals can be very helpful. Uh, gratitude journals can be very helpful. It's just - there are so many different things that need to be recruited together to heal a person holistically.

And before I take a person into my practice, I have quite a long conversation with them on the phone and try to assess how motivated they are to make all of these different kinds of changes because it's not like taking Prozac. 

Linda Elsegood: It’s definitely something you have to work at, isn't it?  

Judy Tsafrir: Absolutely. It's a lot of work, but you know, instead of, you know, your health being degraded, you're optimizing your health  

Linda Elsegood: it's very easy to keep things to yourself in like a family situation, not talking to family and friends, but to actually be able to talk to somebody outside of your circle.

You can say what you like. You're not going to upset anybody. They're not going to feel guilty.

Judy Tsafrir: You don't worry about burdening them. And also there's somebody who is hopefully very trained and experienced in listening to people and knowing about what are dynamics like in the family and understanding a lot about human nature and the way people feel. I mean, I also think that meditation and yoga and Tai Chi and all of these kinds of, um, mind, body, spirit practices are tremendously helpful and stabilizing and help one not totally identify with whatever, you know, upset emotion one is feeling at the moment, that there are more equanimity and more peace brought into the person's life.

Linda Elsegood: I used to do a lot of yoga and I learned at a very early age, to put myself to sleep. And it still works today. You know, the deep relaxation and your breathing and focusing.  And I can, you know, even if my mind is spinning, if I can just stop my mind and actually relax and focus, probably about two minutes and I can be asleep.

Judy Tsafrir: I say that that's just like a practice, something that you've learned and it can be taught and um, it's just so useful and so much better than taking Ambien, you know, instead of taking a pill, but, you know, maybe then you feel like very tired the next day and forgetful and, um, spaced out. 

Linda Elsegood: I was going to say, who would want to feel like that? Waking up feeling like that at the start of the day.

It doesn't sound like something we would want to do. But I can remember when I was very sick, and people would say, you know, family, and look at you, how are you? And I would say, Oh, I'm fine. Because you didn't want to say, well, actually I’m anything but fine. 

Judy Tsafrir: Right, right, right. And I mean, and also when you're feeling that way, you feel like you don't want to burden people and you know that you can't really turn to people for help. And there's some kind of shame involved in the whole thing. Like, what's wrong with you that you don't feel fine? And, um, I mean, a lot of times for, you know, that there's like, we're not, for many people, like in my, in Boston, we're not living in a war-torn area.

You know, like, it's not like there are food shortages and bombs going off, and yet people are feeling terrible, but there's nothing to point at like that. 

Linda Elsegood: Yes. Yeah, well, I can remember being rather concerned that every week I was deteriorating and it was noticeable. And I can remember lying on the sofa, my cat lying on my chest and it hurt. And, um, my mother was here, and she took him off me because it was uncomfortable for me. And I was thinking, if I keep going downhill like this, I'm going to die. You know? And it was really scary, and it was frightening. And I had nobody that I felt I could say that to, you know, “Am I going to die?” 

Judy Tsafrir: .. terrifying and lonely, so lonely, and yeah you know, like, it's not surprising that people become suicidal in that situation. They just feel so alone and so desperate. And there's no light at the end of the tunnel. 

Linda Elsegood: Yes. But luckily for me, there was LDN at the end of the tunnel. So I had, I had the light. So, 

Judy Tsafrir: that really just turned things around like really quickly? 

Linda Elsegood: uh, in three weeks.

I mean, I just very quickly, the left-hand side of my body was numb with pins and needles. I had cognitive problems. It was like English had become my second language, I couldn't recall vocabulary. Everything muddled. I slurred my speech like somebody had had a stroke. I started choking on my food, forgetting things, tripping, falling, stumbling over nothing.

I lost my leg. Strength in my left, like at double vision, lost the hearing in my left ear, had twitching muscles, restless legs and pain. Um, and I'd been told at that point by the neurologist who checked me over and sat me down and put his hands across the desk, shook my hands and said, “I'm really sorry you're secondary progressive now, and there's nothing more we can do” and he opened the door to show me out  

Judy Tsafrir: you had multiple sclerosis?  Terrible, that’s terrible, and you're sort of taught in medical school, If a person has one symptom, okay, then you try and help them. If they have ten symptoms involving ten different organ systems, then it's all in their head.

You know? Then it's, it can't be real, you know, not understanding that that is more and more and more common these days with all of the toxins in our environment and all of the electrosmog and the GMOs and the degraded food supply that this kind of chronic illness is more and more commonly seen with involving multiple organ systems.

And it doesn't fit any kind of classically recognized pattern. 

Linda Elsegood: But in three weeks, um, and I'd lost my bowel and bladder control as well, but in three weeks I started cognitively -  in my head, it was like a television set, not tuned in, and suddenly somebody was tuning it in - and I started to be able to process thoughts, being able to see properly.

The hearing had completely gone in my left ear, and that started to come back, and it was amazing. It was absolutely amazing, but it did take me 18 months to feel like, yeah, I mean, I still know I have MS and I have learned to work around things, but I can achieve things again, which was very devastating.

I can remember I had to go and see the company doctor and he said he sent a letter, and it said that I was, I'm a workaholic. And he said that I was unemployable for the foreseeable future, and that was just like a punch in the stomach. It physically hurt. Um, and I kept this letter for quite a while, and they don't come across it, and I'd read it, and I'd have the same reaction.

One day I thought, well, why am I reading this letter. If I shred it, I haven't got it anymore, and I won't be able to read it, and it won't depress me, you know? I know it was there, but I don't need to physically keep seeing it. But my whole point was to prove everybody wrong. 

Judy Tsafrir: Right. So I mean it was the only thing you did was Low Dose Naltrexone or did you also do other things in addition to that? Did you, I mean you attend to your diet? 

Linda Elsegood: Because I was in the situation that I couldn't cook for myself my diet actually got worse originally. My husband did the best he could do which was just to put something in the oven that was frozen but gradually he learned to cook. Um, because I couldn't get out of bed

I was asleep most of the time, which was a blessing because I really didn't feel well. But, um, as I improved and he improved, we started to get a better diet. But I didn't become gluten-free, dairy-free and process sugar-free for quite a while. Um, I was given three courses of intravenous steroids in an 18 month period, and the first two were only six weeks apart.

I'm a very pale person, and my face blew up and I looked like a tomato. I was so red, and so round. And I gained, um, 50 pounds in these 18 months. And then, Hey, I was type two diabetic. Um, so I was then put on the Metformin, but once, and it was very difficult to lose the weight, not being active enough and exercise was too tiring.  Still is to a point. Um, but there are certain things you can do. But once I changed my diet, I managed and I'm now classified as a diabetic in remission so I don't have to take the Metformin anymore. And I'm really pleased and I didn't realize I was told that I'd have to have Metformin for life. Nobody had actually said to me it can be reversed. I did not know that. 

Judy Tsafrir: Right. And nobody told you that, you know, if you limited your carbohydrate intake or you didn't, you know, eat gluten and dairy or sugar, that that would be beneficial to you? 

Linda Elsegood: No. Um, my mother, I, um, unfortunately, she had cancer, and it was lots of other issues, and LDN didn't work, which knocked my confidence in LDN a little bit because I really wanted it to work. But anyway, my mother knew that she was dying and all she was worried about was the trauma that it would cause me with her dying. You know, what's going to happen? I'm not going to be here to look after you. You know, she was completely selfless.

And the, she asked the doctor to look after me after she'd gone. So the doctor wanted to see me. I went to see her, and I said, you know, I was doing fine. Um, and that I really watch my diet. And I was telling her, and she said, why are you doing that? And I looked at her, and I was feeling very sad cause I just lost my mother and I looked at her and I thought “seriously, you're asking me why I have changed my diet?”. What do I say? 

Judy Tsafrir: Incredible. 

Linda Elsegood: And I just said, “because it makes me feel better”. I couldn't bare the thought of explaining to a doctor why I had changed my diet, but I was really pleased, the fact that I don't have to have the Metformin, but it was quite funny because I was given Metformin initially, and it was a, I don't know what brand it was, but it was so strong - the nausea was so bad - I couldn't, I really couldn't tolerate it. I couldn't bear to eat anything or move my head or talk to anybody. It was awful and I suffered with it for about two and a half weeks and I went back to the doctor because “I was going to die” in inverted commas if I didn't take this Metformin.

So I went back, and I said to her, well, I think I'm going to have to die because I really can't take it, it is making me feel so ill. I just can't do it. And she laughed, and she said, “Oh, there are other versions you can have” And I thought, well, I'll just come back sooner. And I didn't realize that, you know, after the first two or three days.

So then I had Glucophage, which was a slow-release Metformin, and I can tolerate that. That was fine, but apparently, it was far more expensive, so they tried to get people on the cheaper ones first. 

Judy Tsafrir: Right. But all the money, 

Linda Elsegood: thanks actually, luckily, but it's been amazing talking to you, and I realize we've run out of time.

Thank you for having been my guest today.

Judy Tsafrir, MD is a board-certified Harvard faculty member with a private practice of holistic adult and child psychiatry in the Boston area. A special area of interest is environmentally acquired illness, in particular, mold toxicity and the chronic inflammatory response syndrome. Her website is https://www.judytsafrirmd.com/.  Phone number (617) 965-3020.

Any questions or comments? You may have; please email me Contact@ldnresearchtrust.org. I look forward to hearing from you. Thank you for joining us today. We really appreciated your company. Until next time, stay safe and keep well.

Pain Specialist Neel Mehta, MD - 2019 (LDN, low dose naltrexone) from LDN Research Trust on Vimeo.

Linda Elsegood: Today, my guest is Dr Neil Metta from New York. He's a pain specialist. And all the different things he's done are absolutely amazing. Thank you for joining us today. 

Neel Metha, MD: Thank you, Linda, for having me. This is a real pleasure. 

Linda Elsegood: So could you tell our listeners, what experience you've gained so far in the pain field?

Neel Metha, MD: Well,  I think it'd be helpful to have a little bit of background about me and understand why I've chosen this line of work. I am an anesthesiologist by training and  have gone on to do fellowship training in pain management. During my time in medical school, I was fascinated by anesthesiology and orthopaedics and had a real hard time trying to decide how I'd go forward in my career.

I ended up choosing anesthesiology for a number of reasons. During my training in anesthesiology, I had the fortune of working in a great pain management centre here at Weill Cornell. And I  learned a lot about the suffering of patients and of the limited options that we had.  I also had some time in the obstetric ward to treat women in labour and suffering from pain and saw how we had great options for them. So I saw a lot of potential.  I ended up choosing to do pain management because I thought it gave me an aspect of treating a broader range of patients rather than just women in labour. When I came out, I still was amazed that other than some nerve blocks, and some various medications that had been around for years, such as Gabapentin and Lyrica and traditional opioids, there really weren't any other novel ways to treat pain.  I was always sorting out, questing and thirsty for new and better ways that were safer and, and had fewer side effects, and really trying to minimize opioids even before this opioid crisis existed. The opportunity to do that has really been a lifelong goal and continues to drive how I work in research here.

Linda Elsegood: Well. I'm sure the ladies who were in labour really appreciated your help having been there myself. It is called labour for a reason, isn't it? 

Neel Metha, MD: The gratification that you got almost instantaneously was so rewarding. And I do miss that aspect. But now I get to treat both sexes. 

Linda Elsegood: Yes.  A question I'd like to ask. It’s been many years since I had my children and epidurals were the main thing for pain in those days. What options are there now? 

Neel Metha, MD:  So epidurals still remain the mainstay of traditional labour. But the cocktail using those epidurals has evolved. So the idea of being numb from the waist down really has, has been eliminated. And now you have what we call walking epidurals where patients can actually ambulate during their time before they're in active labour and pushing. We are trying to minimize the number of opioids that we use as well by doing things like combined spinal epidurals that allow sort of more instantaneous pain relief if someone has progressed a little bit further in labour and then have an epidural to back it up. And then the most headway's been done in C-sections where the surgical techniques have really sort of stayed the same.

But the anaesthetic techniques have improved. So using fewer opioids, doing things like transverse abdominal pain blocks, nerve blocks of the abdominal area muscles, and also realizing just how much opioid is needed and using multimodal therapy, you can almost eliminate the number of opioids. So some of my colleagues have done tremendous work where they have been able to actually cut down on the number of days that someone has to stay in the hospital just for pain, and that has made real improvement, both for the quality and cost of healthcare-related to having a baby.

Linda Elsegood: Wow. It's amazing. So now you treat both genders. Do you treat children as well, or are you just an adult physician? 

Neel Metha, MD:  I do treat children. I generally start at around age six, although the mainstay of my care is, is adult. Just recently I have had the good fortune of recruiting a great colleague,  who actually did training with me, but then was working elsewhere, and her name is Dr. Veronica Kuru Lo. And she's an anesthesiologist and a specialist in pediatric pain. So she is now our new director of pediatric pain management at Cornell, and a really unique opportunity, the only one of its kind in New York City, to have multimodal pain management therapy for paediatrics, both on an inpatient and outpatient basis.

Linda Elsegood: I myself have MS, and I used to have very bad pins and needles and very painful numbness, and people used to say about pain, I haven't got pain, but I've just got this really bad pins and needles. And then one day somebody said, well, isn't that painful? Well, yes, but I wasn't classed as pain per se, but sort of fake pain, you know, pins and needles,  but anyway, what kind of pain do you treat? Many autoimmune diseases have pain in different forms. You know, it can be a dermatological pain. It can be a fibromyalgia type pain, or an MS pain, or these pins and needles. You know, what do people present to you? What kind of pain?

Neel Metha, MD: Well, working in an academic medical centre, essentially a tertiary care centre, we see the full spectrum of pain. So the majority of my cases are going to be spine and musculoskeletal related conditions. Things like nerve-related pains due to disc herniation or sciatica in lay term or spinal stenosis or osteoarthritis of the joints, whether it be spinal joints or hips and knees and ankles. But also we treat headaches. We treat neuropathic conditions like shingles and trigeminal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia, postsurgical pain conditions like post-laminectomy syndrome, you know, failed surgeries for the spine that continued to have neuropathic pain or post breast mastectomy surgeries that lead to chronic pain.

Also, the things you've mentioned, like MS and fibromyalgia, so really a potpourri of conditions and the symptoms range from as simple as an ache as you've mentioned, could be paresthesias or pins and needles. It could be a burning electrical type of pain. And often, we use the description of the pain from the patient to help us focus on what is the underlying dose diagnosis and what's the underlying treatment for this particular condition. It helps us tease out just how much is coming from one condition versus another because as you know, you could have a diagnosis of MS. But also have a disc herniation. And trying to differentiate the two causes and how you would treat them may differ quite significantly. Finally, we do a lot of cancer-related pain as well, whether it is active cancer and things like a tumour, or compression of a nerve or tumour burden.

 

Also, metastatic disease to the bone, end of life care, also the survivors that have had trouble with treatment-related causes of pain such as post-chemotherapy or post-radiation-related neuropathies or postsurgical-related pains. We’re trying to help them regain their life. What's been a new phenomenon is we have always been very aggressive with opioids in the cancer population because we feel they're suffering and may have little time left, but now we've been able to successfully treat so many patients in modern-day medicine that they survive, but now have the potential for opioid addiction. And how do we help those patients come down off of medication and regain their functional lives again? The question is how do we classify pain?

It's often a real story that's developing as the patient is talking to us as we examine them, as we gather information and interpret results, and then make a little bit of systematic trial and error of treatment. Often this is a shared decision, you know, medical process with the patient. Because some may have thoughts on how they want to proceed and just how aggressively or what types of treatment they'd be open to. Some may only want to do things like acupuncture and physical therapy, which we offer, and some may say, I've been living with this for a long time. I want to be as aggressive as possible to treat this as quickly as we can. And that may require things like implantable devices or other types of treatments. 

Linda Elsegood: Do you treat Phantom limb pain?

Neel Metha, MD: Very much so,  Phantom limb pain, obviously in post-trauma, related conditions or even amputations from diabetic neuropathies or poor vascular conditions. Certainly, we have seen our fair share of those patients.

Linda Elsegood: When did you first hear about LDN? Was that during your training? 

Neel Metha, MD: It actually was after my training. I met some colleagues that have presented at the LDN conference, such as Chopra and Dr Samia, Dave Daddo. And they're great colleagues who have been visionaries in pain management. I know that they've been using LDN for a long time in the complex regional pain syndrome. And as I started to research the drug more and more, I realized how little was known in the pain community. And then shortly afterwards, we started to see some good papers coming out, such as the work done by Sean Mackey out in Stanford for fibromyalgia.And then also meeting some doctors, older physicians that knew about combination LDN and an opioid therapy to try to prevent  addiction and increase the strength of the medication—so learning a little bit from history about the drug.  As  I've read more and discovered more about it,my trainees have learned and enthusiastically tried to understand what it is and have really adopted it and use it in their practices, often differentiating themselves from a lot of other physicians and, seeing how it positions themselves to be more comprehensive in their treatment.

Linda Elsegood: So how long have you been prescribing it yourself? 

Neel Metha, MD: I have probably been prescribing about five years now, maybe a little bit over that. And the rate of usage has gone up significantly. What I am most fascinated by now is the wide variety of dosing that is being utilized. I think most recently a lot of people who have adopted the use of LDN have sort of based it on the papers that have come out of Stanford using a range of one milligram to four and a half milligrams. But we realized that's not a one size fits all and ultra-low-dose prescribing in the microgram strength. It's also something I've been increasing usage of. The frequency of usages is also something I'm fascinated by, whether to use once a day or all the way up to four times a day. And so the trouble is trying to understand this and research, this is where we are in this day and age.  

Linda Elsegood: And what would you say the patient's success rates have been with LDN?

Neel Metha, MD: So it's actually one of the drugs that have been a home run. I would say if I had to do a head to head comparison against something like Gabapentin for neuropathic pain, my anecdotal experience has been that it's more successful than those types of drugs for a number of reasons.

Number one, its overall efficacy has been good in terms of reduction of pain, but the biggest thing is compliance. So how easy is it for a patient to follow directions and use it, and also interaction in side effects is almost minimal. Some patients may describe some minimal side effects, but they tolerate it and go on with it.

 

But Gabapentin and Lyrica are more challenging with the side effects such as weight loss, weight gain, and sedation and dizziness are really challenging for them. And often it's frustrating for everybody because we'll try those drugs. And if a patient comes back a week later or two weeks later saying, I took one dose, didn't tolerate it, and I stopped it altogether. So our challenge in those treatments is that we just don't have anything equivalent until we discovered LDN and now we almost offer it to every type of neuropathic condition and the drug is cheap. We are fortunate that the compounding pharmacies that we work with have been able to offer it at a very palatable price compared to some of the other compounding drugs that we may use.

Linda Elsegood: And have you used it in Phantom pain? 

Neel Metha, MD: I've used it broadly in neuropathic pains. Phantom limb is something I have used it in, although I will say that my population of Phantom limb pain is much smaller than say, by trigeminal neuralgia or fibromyalgia or other neuropathic conditions. We've also been using it a lot in patients that have myofascial pain. That has become more of a centralized or hypersensitized type condition. So when they have central sensitization of their muscle pain, I find LDN very effective. 

Linda Elsegood: I was only asking about the Phantom limb pain because we have many members that are military who've lost limbs, and you know, it is worth the try, isn't it? You know, you've got to find someone who will prescribe it, but it's definitely worth a try. 

Neel Metha, MD: Absolutely. I see very little downside to it. I think often the patients, once they hear about it and talk about how we plan to use it, what's the potential for benefit and the minimal side effect, we have a very good success rate of having patients try it and be pleased with it. If you just do research on naltrexone alone on Google, sometimes it's a little scary, the types of things that come up associated with naltrexone.  I take the time to counsel patients on why we are using it and how it does differ from the other purposes of naltrexone itself. And that's very reassuring for patients. Phantom limb pain, I think, is one of those things that it's almost a no brainer to use in these conditions along with other multimodal therapies, including.

Mirror therapy, physical therapy, and then refractory conditions to consider things like ketamine and spinal cord stimulation or peripheral nerve stimulation. So there's a wide variety of treatments, but LDN should be one of the mainstays. 

Linda Elsegood: We've been going 15 years now, but it was mainly.to help autoimmune conditions. Such as rheumatoid arthritis, but we were saying it probably won't do anything for osteoarthritis, but that's not the case. It does work for osteoarthritis as well, which is quite amazing. A lot of our members are in their 70s or 80s and have been having very high doses of steroids throughout their years, since they were like 20, 30, and it's caused, crumbling of the spine. So nerves are getting trapped, and LDN seems to be working really well in those cases as well. But it sounds absolutely horrendous. I would hate that to happen to me. But I'd like to think steroids aren't as widely used now as they were. You know, 40 years ago. Would you say that's the case, that we're doing something different than a high dose of steroids over a long period? 

Neel Metha, MD: We certainly have an appreciation for the risk of high steroid use. So we know now what doses we can use at a time and how often those patients can get it. But unfortunately, the steroid is still a mainstay treatment for various conditions like osteoarthritis, especially in the, in the hands of an interventional specialist. We still believe in the continuum of care, such as things like physical therapy.  But also, the use of acupuncture, turmeric and when appropriate steroids, if you're going to give maybe localized steroid.And now a lot of things like platelet-rich plasma and STEM cell are starting, and it's the emergence of data, but you're right, LDN does work. And while it may not have 100% cure rate you can certainly lessen the burden of osteoarthritis enough for people to be able to do more in their physical therapy and be more active and lose weight and all the other things that come in a positive cycle, to help them overall improve their functional ability in their quality of life.

Linda Elsegood: Have you found a benefit using the ultra-low dose alongside opioids to make them more effective, to help patients withdrawal from their opioids?

Neel Metha, MD: So this is a healthy debate I have with a colleague of mine. He starts at a hundred micrograms and will consider ramping that up over time,  two, four times a day, and then slowly get up into potentially a milligram dose. And I tend to start the opposite. I may start at one milligram and decide whether I need to go up or down based on the symptoms that they're experiencing. The challenge that we have is there are patients that don't respond in the milligram dose but do respond in the microgram dose even with it and have an absence of side effects. And this is where I think to work with. Your organization and working with David on research in this to really pinpoint how we best identify dosing for patients is going to be fascinating. But to answer the question about how I have found it,  it has really helped patients with tolerance and actually prevention of tolerance. We use it quite frequently in traditional opioid receptor type drugs. But I also use it synergistically for neuropathic pain conditions when I use things like Tramadol.  My belief is that it's worth a chance to see. We start extremely low. We are able to get one of our compounding pharmacies to start at a hundred micrograms in a tablet form, which a patient can split in half and take 50 micrograms at a time. We see really interesting clinical data, and now we are just starting to try to put this together and see if we can publish our work on it.

Linda Elsegood: If you are a drug addict through no fault of your own because they are prescription drugs, but it still makes you addicted to these opioids and coming off, you've got to be so careful that you don't go into withdrawal. So if something like ultra-low-dose can be used to help wean people off without those awful withdrawal symptoms, in my book that's got to be amazing. 

Neel Metha, MD: Absolutely. If we can eliminate the usage or even cut down the doses to be in a safer range, I think it helps everyone, including the patients that are taking these medications, the prescribers who are trying to handle risks of these medications, the families that may be in the same households where these medications are being stored and trying to avoid the harm of getting these medications in the wrong hands. These are all potential benefits of downstream effects of LDN  

Linda Elsegood: And what's the long term effect to the body if you take high doses of opioids?

Neel Metha, MD: Well, there's a number of things. So number one to the patient itself that's taking the opioids, there's a very high likelihood of tolerance, and that's a very challenging and frustrating problem for everybody in that the same dose of medication has a diminished effect in terms of pain relief. So the natural thought would be to increase the dose. But eventually, even without the absence of addiction and addiction type behaviours, the same patient taking a higher dose has a much higher likelihood of achieving side effects that could make it unbearable to continue on that therapy. And what side effects am I referring to? Those are things like severe constipation,  not being able to function at work, missing days at work or being unproductive during their time, mood irritation and irritability to the point that they become very, difficult to be around the family, to the point of not being able to drive to work or drive in a car anymore because they're so impaired or that they sleep more, may gain weight, become less active. So overall, their quality of life may go down, even though they have the original intention of trying to improve their pain with a higher dose. And then you have the risk of addiction. And that is a potential for now using medication in inappropriate ways, combining it with things like alcohol and so forth, and then finally what is the risk of all this medication sitting in the home? So could a teenager in the household get into it and use it in a recreational way and cause harm and die?

Could it get in the hands of a young child? Could it get stolen and get into a drug addict's possession? All of these things are harmful. We can eliminate or reduce the amount of medication in circulation. There are so many downstream effects in addition to the ones that the patient would benefit from.

Linda Elsegood: Well, wonderful. We've just about run out of time. Can patients refer themselves to see you? Do they have to be referred by their own doctor, how do patients get to see you? 

Neel Metha, MD: So, for LDN, I think recently you've been kind enough to share some of our practice information. And just recently I've had a few, a couple of patients that actually have no pain, real related things, but wanted to talk about LDN usage.

And I've been happy to see them. So patients are able to make an appointment if they are not coming for a particular pain condition. I asked them to specify with our schedulers they are here to discuss LDN and I'm happy to meet with them. But for painful conditions, I have a team of.

eight other doctors that have experience with LDN. Some of them have been prescribing it for just as long as I have. So, we welcome these patients to see us if they're motivated to want to try to improve their lives without the use of opioids. We really welcome them if they're trying to reduce the amount that they take. LDN is a great drug, but there's a multitude of options that we want to present to them. And that's where we think our multidisciplinary practice will really help.  

Linda Elsegood: And what numbers should they call you on? 

Neel Metha, MD: So our office number is six, four, six, nine, six two seven two, four, six. We are located in Manhattan. We'll also offer video visits for follow-up visits. We're not allowed to do it for the initial ones, but if they are able to make the journey to see us even from far away, one time, then we can potentially continue to care for them virtually. We have had patients come from other countries and also from up to 48 States of the 50.  

Linda Elsegood: Wow. It's been amazing talking to you today, and we'll have you back at another time. 

Neel Metha, MD: Linda, thank you very much for the opportunity. It's really been a great collaboration that we have started on and I hope to continue to help everybody through our work together. Thank you. 

Linda Elsegood: This show is sponsored by Mark Drugs who specialize in the custom compounding of medications, assuring that the client gets the proper prescriptions for their unique needs and conditions. They work with practitioners integrating knowledge and treatment of experts to create comprehensive health plans. Visit markdrugs.com or call Roselle six three zero. Five two nine three four zero or  (847) 419-9898.

Any questions or comments you may have, please email me at Contact@ldnresearchtrust.org. I look forward to hearing from you. Thank you for joining us today. We really appreciated your company. Until next time, stay safe and keep well.

Dr. Eduardo Patrick Beltran Monasterio - 25th Oct 2019 (LDN, low dose naltrexone) from LDN Research Trust on Vimeo.

Dr Eduardo Beltran shares his Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) experience on the LDN Radio Show with Linda Elsegood.

Dr. Eduardo Beltran was originally born in Tripoli, Libya in 1978, later he immigrated to the United States and attended Dublin Scioto High School. After graduation he was accepted at Del Valle University (School of Medicine) in Cochabamba Bolivia. Here he graduated with honors in 2006. He then went on to pursue his specialty in Internal Medicine and Dermatology at Gama Filho University in Brazil.

Throughout the years Dr Beltran has developed a significant interest in treating specific autoimmune diseases such as Psoriasis, Vitiligo, Lupus and skin cancer. He has helped thousands of patients achieve a better state of health and quality of life through Integrative Medicine in Brazil.

Dr Beltran is also an author and a clinical researcher, having treated many patients with psoriasis using Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) and Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA). He has published his Clinical Research on ''The Cureus Journal of Medical Science'', showing promising results with LDN.

This is a summary of Dr Eduardo Beltran’s interview. Please listen to the rest of Dr Beltran’s story by clicking on the video above.